The Center for Urban Economic Development at the University of Illinois Chicago releases results of 1,484-Amazon worker survey about economic security.

(Chicago, IL)––Today, the Center for Urban Economic Development (CUED) at the University of Illinois Chicago (UIC) released a new report detailing the results of a survey of 1,484 Amazon workers across 451 facilities in 42 states—the largest nationwide study of Amazon workers to date. The report shows that roughly half of Amazon’s frontline warehouse workers are struggling with food and housing insecurity and being able to pay their bills, with one-third relying on different kinds of public assistance programs.

“This research indicates just how far the goalposts have shifted. It used to be the case that big, leading firms in the economy provided a path to the middle class and relative economic security,” said Dr. Sanjay Pinto, senior fellow at CUED and co-author of the report. “Our data indicate that roughly half of Amazon’s frontline warehouse workers are struggling with food and housing insecurity and being able to pay their bills. That’s not what economic security looks like.”

“The findings we report are the first we know of to show an association between the company’s health and safety issues and experiences of economic insecurity among its workforce,” said Dr. Beth Gutelius, research director at CUED and co-author of the report. “Workers having to take unpaid time off due to pain or exhaustion are far more likely to experience food and housing insecurity, and difficulty paying their bills.”

Key findings include:

• 53% of workers experienced one or more forms of food insecurity in the previous three months.
• 48% of workers experienced one or more forms of housing insecurity in the previous three months.
• More than half (56%) have not been able to pay all their bills without a remaining balance in the previous three months.
• One-third of workers (33%) have used one or more publicly funded assistance programs, including 23% who have used the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP).
• Taking time off due to the health impacts of working at Amazon is linked with greater economic insecurity. For example, 60% of those taking unpaid time off due to pain or exhaustion from working at Amazon report one or more forms of food insecurity, versus 36% of those who have not taken time off.

Today’s report reflects findings of the second part of this worker survey; the first part of the survey and its findings were released in a report last fall, which found:

• 41% of workers report being injured while working at an Amazon warehouse; 51% at the company for more than three years have been injured.
• 69% have had to take unpaid time off due to pain or exhaustion from working at the company in the past month; 34% have had to do so three or more times.
• 41% always/most of the time feel a sense of pressure to work faster, and another 30% sometimes do.

“The hourly pay at Amazon is not enough for the backbreaking work. Adding insult to injury, we often don’t even get the hours we were promised because of unstable scheduling. There are people in my facility at the moment who are only working 20 to 25 hours per week. Who can survive on that kind of money? For the hard work we do and the money Amazon makes, every associate should make a livable wage,” said Linda Howard, a leader with United for Respect and retiree who has worked at Amazon for 6 years in the ATL6 facility outside of Atlanta.

“Many Amazon associates cannot pay their bills, they can’t afford proper housing — some of my coworkers have been forced out of their homes. We are stuck in a nightmare: Living in an economy that puts no cap on worker exploitation, while our wages can’t keep up with the increase in our cost of living. This cycle has to stop.”

While the researchers’ previous report highlighted the relationship between invasive surveillance and high injury rates at Amazon warehouse, this report connects Amazon’s worker injury crisis to the economic precarity they face. The report concludes: “The higher levels of economic insecurity reported by workers having to take unpaid time off from work due to pain or exhaustion also point to a worrying relationship between financial strain and the injury toll documented in our previous report.”

“The economic impact of taking unpaid time off is a hidden cost of working for Amazon that, until now, has not been accounted for fully in discussions about compensation at the company. As the previous report suggested, the magnitude of the health toll reported by Amazon warehouse workers should raise concerns both about take-home pay in the immediate term and potential long-term effects on well-being, medical costs, and future employment.”